Sand
SAND
Sand is a natural material composed of fine particles of rock and mineral particles. Sand plays an very important part in the construction process .
It takes thousands of years in its formation through weathering and erosion of rocks by wind ,water and other natural processes . Good quality sand helps in increasing strength and durability of construction process.
We can classify sand on the basis of sources and particle size.
A. On the basis of sources
1.Sea sand
2.River sand
3.Pit sand
B.Types of sand
1.Concrete Sand = It consists of coarse particles helpful in construction of concrete structures.
2.Plaster Sand = Very fine grained sand for the purpose of plastering walls and ceilings .
3.Fill Sand = Fine rock particles used for filling walls and ceilings.
4.Utility Sand =Very clean sand used in landscaping application.
5.Manufacturing sand :Free from organic impurities and formed by crushing hard stones and rocks.
Qualities of Good Sand
1. The grains should be hard and strong.
2. Sand should be free from sand,silt,dust and other impurities.
3. Sand should not contain harmful salts as they can reduce durability.
4. Sand should contain a proper mix of all sizes and kinds of particles.
5. Sand has usually has a natural brown,grey or light coloured appearance.
How to choose the right sand :
1) Sand should be clear and clean from silt ,organic matter and other harmful impurities.
2) Never use untreated sand.
3) Avoid sand with excessive silt content as it reduces the binding strength of cement and structure.
4) Check moisture content before mixing to main correct water cement ratio
5) Choose correct sand according to purpose .
River Sand V/S Manufacturing Sand
River Sand has a smooth texture and requires less water for mixing. It was traditionally preferred for construction.
Manufacturing sand has a better bonding with cement. It is cost effective and environmental alternative to river Sand.
Usage of sand according to Size.
1) Fine Sand ( 0.075mm-0.42 mm )
This type of sand deals in plastering of walls ,tile fixing and finishing works.
2)Medium Sand
(0.425mm-2mm)
This type of sand is useful in morter preparation,flooring and construction work.
3) Coarse Sand
(2mm-4.75mm)
They are used in roads, foundation construction.
